{"id":26830,"date":"2026-01-21T07:27:25","date_gmt":"2026-01-21T05:27:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/blog\/john-mccarthy-l-homme-qui-a-baptise-et-f\/"},"modified":"2026-01-21T07:27:25","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T05:27:25","slug":"john-mccarthy-l-homme-qui-a-baptise-et-f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/blog\/john-mccarthy-l-homme-qui-a-baptise-et-f\/","title":{"rendered":"John Mccarthy L Homme Qui A Baptise Et F"},"content":{"rendered":"

John McCarthy (1927-2011) n’\u00e9tait pas simplement un informaticien ; il \u00e9tait le visionnaire qui a d\u00e9fini le champ de bataille de la technologie moderne.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Reconnu mondialement comme l\u2019un des p\u00e8res fondateurs de cette discipline, son h\u00e9ritage constitue le pilier sur lequel reposent les assistants vocaux et les algorithmes actuels.<\/p>\n

Si vous souhaitez d\u00e9couvrir d’autres profils similaires, vous pouvez consulter la liste desChiffres cl\u00e9s de l’intelligence artificielle.<\/strong><\/p>\n

La naissance d’un terme et d’une discipline<\/h2>\n

L\u2019histoire officielle de l\u2019IA a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 1956. McCarthy, alors jeune professeur de math\u00e9matiques au Dartmouth College, a organis\u00e9 le projet de recherche d\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 de Dartmouth sur l\u2019intelligence artificielle.<\/p>\n

C’est dans la proposition de cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement qu’il a utilis\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois le terme \u00ab Intelligence Artificielle \u00bb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Leur objectif \u00e9tait ambitieux : rassembler des esprits brillants pour explorer l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se selon laquelle chaque aspect de l\u2019apprentissage ou toute autre caract\u00e9ristique de l\u2019intelligence peut \u00eatre d\u00e9crit avec une telle pr\u00e9cision qu\u2019une machine peut \u00eatre programm\u00e9e pour le simuler.<\/p>\n

Bien que l\u2019atelier n\u2019ait pas r\u00e9solu les myst\u00e8res de l\u2019esprit, il a accompli quelque chose de vital : il a unifi\u00e9 les efforts dispers\u00e9s et a fait de l\u2019IA un domaine d\u2019\u00e9tude universitaire l\u00e9gitime et ind\u00e9pendant.<\/p>\n

L’architecte du langage LISP et de la logique symbolique<\/h2>\n

McCarthy a vite compris que pour que les machines \u00ab pensent \u00bb, elles avaient besoin d\u2019un langage autre que le traitement traditionnel des nombres.<\/p>\n

En 1958, alors qu’il \u00e9tait au MIT, il cr\u00e9a LISP<\/strong> (List Processing), le deuxi\u00e8me plus ancien langage de programmation de haut niveau encore utilis\u00e9.<\/p>\n

LISP \u00e9tait r\u00e9volutionnaire car il permettait la r\u00e9cursion et la manipulation de symboles, devenant ainsi la norme pour la recherche sur l’IA pendant des d\u00e9cennies.<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 McCarthy, les programmeurs ont pu travailler avec des structures de donn\u00e9es complexes imitant le raisonnement logique.<\/p>\n

De plus, son plaidoyer en faveur de l\u2019IA symbolique<\/strong> \u2013 l\u2019id\u00e9e selon laquelle l\u2019intelligence est bas\u00e9e sur la manipulation de symboles et de r\u00e8gles \u2013 a domin\u00e9 le domaine jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019essor de l\u2019apprentissage profond moderne.<\/p>\n

Pionnier du partage de temps et du cloud computing<\/h2>\n

Au-del\u00e0 des algorithmes, McCarthy a transform\u00e9 la fa\u00e7on dont nous interagissons avec les machines. Avant leur intervention, les ordinateurs traitaient les t\u00e2ches par \u00ab lots \u00bb, ce qui signifiait qu\u2019un programmeur devait attendre des heures ou des jours pour voir un r\u00e9sultat.<\/p>\n

Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 le pionnier du concept de partage de temps, qui permettait \u00e0 plusieurs utilisateurs d’acc\u00e9der simultan\u00e9ment \u00e0 un seul ordinateur central.<\/p>\n

En 1961, \u00e0 l’occasion du centenaire du MIT, il sugg\u00e9ra proph\u00e9tiquement que la puissance de calcul serait \u00e9ventuellement vendue comme un service public, au m\u00eame titre que l’eau ou l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cette vision est, par essence, l\u2019anc\u00eatre direct du cloud computing qui sous-tend notre \u00e9conomie num\u00e9rique actuelle.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9compens\u00e9 par le prix Turing en 1971, John McCarthy n’a pas seulement invent\u00e9 un nom ; a con\u00e7u les outils et l’infrastructure d’un avenir o\u00f9 les machines non seulement calculent, mais aussi raisonnent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

John McCarthy (1927-2011) n’\u00e9tait pas simplement un informaticien ; il \u00e9tait le visionnaire qui a d\u00e9fini le champ de bataille de la technologie moderne.\u00a0 Reconnu mondialement comme l\u2019un des p\u00e8res fondateurs de cette discipline, son h\u00e9ritage constitue le pilier sur lequel reposent les assistants vocaux et les algorithmes actuels. Si vous souhaitez d\u00e9couvrir d’autres profils […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":23443,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_exclude_from_search":0,"_thinkrank_exclude_from_archives":0,"_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[718],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-intelligence-artificielle"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/john-mcarthy.jpg",1344,768,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/john-mcarthy-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/john-mcarthy-300x171.jpg",300,171,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/john-mcarthy-768x439.jpg",768,439,true],"large":["https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/john-mcarthy-1024x585.jpg",1024,585,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/john-mcarthy.jpg",1344,768,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/john-mcarthy.jpg",1344,768,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"marketing","author_link":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/blog\/author\/marketing\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"John McCarthy (1927-2011) n’\u00e9tait pas simplement un informaticien ; il \u00e9tait le visionnaire qui a d\u00e9fini le champ de bataille de la technologie moderne.\u00a0 Reconnu mondialement comme l\u2019un des p\u00e8res fondateurs de cette discipline, son h\u00e9ritage constitue le pilier sur lequel reposent les assistants vocaux et les algorithmes actuels. Si vous souhaitez d\u00e9couvrir d’autres profils\u2026","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26830"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26830\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comunicagenia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}